In simpler terms, it's a more square-like shape compared to the widescreen formats we're used to seeing today.
Why do filmmakers still use it?
Despite the prevalence of widescreen formats like 16:9 and 2.39:1, 4:3 continues to be used by filmmakers for various compelling reasons:
* Nostalgia and Period Authenticity: Using 4:3 can immediately evoke a sense of the past. It's the standard aspect ratio for older TV shows and films, so employing it in modern productions set in earlier time periods can add a layer of authenticity and transport the viewer. Think of the opening scenes of "The Witch" (2015), which used 4:3 to enhance the feeling of early American life.
* Focus and Intimacy: The narrower frame of 4:3 forces the viewer to focus more intently on the subject. Less visual information on the sides means your eye is drawn directly to the center of the frame. This can create a sense of intimacy and claustrophobia, perfect for stories centered on character studies or psychological dramas. Examples include "First Reformed" (2017) and "The Lighthouse" (2019).
* Character Perspective: A more confined aspect ratio can reflect the character's emotional state or limited worldview. If a character feels trapped or constricted, the 4:3 frame can visually reinforce that feeling.
* Creative Choice and Aesthetic Style: Sometimes, filmmakers simply choose 4:3 for its unique aesthetic qualities. It can be a bold and unconventional choice that sets a film apart from the typical widescreen experience. It can be part of a larger visual language the director uses to tell the story.
* Platform Considerations: While less common, some filmmakers may consider how their work will be viewed on mobile devices or older screens. 4:3 content can fill the screen more effectively on these devices than widescreen formats.
* Budgetary Reasons (Less Common): While less common today with digital formats, originally, film and equipment to shoot in wider formats was more expensive. Shooting in 4:3 was more budget friendly,
In summary:
4:3 is not merely an outdated format. It's a deliberate artistic choice that can be used to enhance storytelling, create specific moods, and evoke a sense of nostalgia. While widescreen formats dominate modern cinema, 4:3 remains a valuable tool for filmmakers looking to create a unique and impactful viewing experience.