There are a few key factors that editors consider when deciding whether to cut something:
1. Is it necessary? The first question an editor asks is whether the material is necessary to the story. Does it advance the plot? Does it develop a character? Does it provide important information? If not, it's a candidate for cutting.
2. Is it relevant? Even if material is necessary, it may not be relevant to the story. For example, a scene may be interesting in and of itself, but if it doesn't contribute to the overall narrative, it may need to be cut.
3. Is it redundant? Editors also look for redundancy. If the same information is presented in multiple places, one or more of those instances may be cut.
4. Is it clear? Editors also consider whether the material is clear. If it's confusing or unclear, it may need to be cut.
5. Is it engaging? Finally, editors consider whether the material is engaging. If it's boring or repetitive, it may be a candidate for cutting.
Of course, there are no hard and fast rules when it comes to editing. Every story is different, and what works for one story may not work for another. But by considering these factors, editors can make informed decisions about what to cut and what to keep, in order to create the best possible story for their readers.
In addition to these general considerations, there are also a few specific things that editors look for when deciding whether to cut:
* Weak or unnecessary dialogue: Dialogue should be natural and purposeful. If a line of dialogue doesn't add anything to the story, or if it's simply weak or unnecessary, it may be cut.
* Unnecessary description: Description should be used to create a vivid setting and to develop atmosphere. However, if it's too detailed or simply unnecessary, it may be cut.
* Repetitive action: Action should be purposeful and avoid being repetitive. If a character is doing the same thing over and over again, it may be a sign that the scene can be trimmed down.
* Unnecessary backstory: Backstory should be used to provide important information about a character or setting. However, if it's too detailed or simply unnecessary, it may be cut.
* Slow pacing: Pacing is important in keeping a story moving forward. If a scene is slow-paced or bogs down the story, it may need to be cut.
By following these tips, editors can make informed decisions about what to cut and what to keep, in order to create the best possible story for their readers.