50mm Lens:
Pros:
* Versatile: Can be used in a wider variety of situations, including environmental portraits where you want to show more of the background.
* Affordable: Generally more affordable than an 85mm lens, especially at similar aperture values.
* Lighter and Smaller: Easier to carry and use for extended periods.
* Wider Field of View: Allows you to include more of the background in your shot, telling more of a story about the subject and their environment. Good for full-body and group shots.
* Easier to Work in Tight Spaces: Less restrictive in smaller rooms or crowded locations.
Cons:
* More Distortion: Can introduce slight distortion, especially if you get too close to the subject's face, potentially widening the nose or rounding the cheeks. Less flattering facial compression.
* Less Background Blur (Bokeh): Compared to an 85mm lens at the same aperture, you'll get less background separation and a less pronounced bokeh effect. Requires a wider aperture to achieve a similar effect.
* Less Isolation of the Subject: The wider field of view means the subject may not stand out as much from the background.
85mm Lens:
Pros:
* Flattering Compression: Compresses facial features, making them appear more flattering. This compression also makes the background appear closer, which can simplify busy backgrounds.
* Beautiful Bokeh: Creates a creamy, shallow depth of field that isolates the subject beautifully. This is a hallmark of portrait lenses.
* Greater Subject Isolation: The narrower field of view naturally emphasizes the subject, drawing the viewer's eye to them.
* Comfortable Shooting Distance: Allows you to maintain a comfortable distance from your subject, which can help them feel more relaxed and natural.
Cons:
* Less Versatile: Not as well-suited for environmental portraits or shots where you need to include a lot of the background.
* More Expensive: Generally more expensive than a 50mm lens, especially at equivalent aperture values.
* Heavier and Bulkier: Can be more tiring to carry and use for extended periods.
* Requires More Space: Needs more room to work, making it less practical in small studios or crowded locations. Can be difficult for full-body shots in small spaces.
* Can Feel Isolating: For some subjects, the distance the lens requires can feel a bit isolating.
Here's a table summarizing the key differences:
| Feature | 50mm | 85mm |
|----------------|-----------------------|-----------------------|
| Versatility | High | Lower |
| Affordability | High | Lower |
| Size/Weight | Lighter/Smaller | Heavier/Bulkier |
| Distortion | More | Less |
| Background Blur | Less | More |
| Subject Isolation| Less | More |
| Facial Compression| Less flattering | More flattering |
| Space Required | Less | More |
When to Choose Which Lens:
* Choose 50mm if:
* You want a versatile lens that can be used for more than just portraits.
* You're on a budget.
* You need a lightweight and compact lens.
* You want to include more of the environment in your portraits.
* You often shoot in tight spaces.
* You like to get close to your subject and interact with them.
* You're photographing groups.
* Choose 85mm if:
* You primarily shoot portraits.
* You want the most flattering facial compression.
* You want beautiful background blur.
* You want to isolate your subject from the background.
* You have enough space to work.
* You prefer a more comfortable working distance.
* You value the aesthetic look of the background compression.
Conclusion:
There's no definitive "best" focal length. The ideal choice depends on your individual style, shooting conditions, and desired aesthetic. Many portrait photographers own and use both 50mm and 85mm lenses, using each for different situations.
Recommendation:
* If you're new to portrait photography and can only afford one lens, start with a 50mm lens. It's more versatile and will allow you to experiment and develop your style.
* If you're serious about portrait photography and have the budget, consider getting both lenses. This will give you the flexibility to capture a wide range of portrait styles.
Ultimately, the best way to determine which focal length is right for you is to try them both out and see which one you prefer. Renting lenses is a great way to experiment before investing. Consider the type of portraiture you plan to do the most of and that will help guide your decision.