I. Understanding the Goal:
* Complement, Don't Compete: The background should enhance the subject, not distract from them. Think of it as a supporting cast member.
* Mood and Story: What feeling do you want to evoke? A dreamy field of flowers? A gritty urban setting? The background contributes to the overall narrative.
* Color Harmony: Consider the colors in your subject's clothing and skin tone. Choose backgrounds that complement or provide pleasing contrast.
II. Scouting Locations:
* Explore Your Area: Don't just rely on the obvious locations. Drive around, walk different streets, explore parks and trails.
* Time of Day: The same location can look completely different at sunrise, midday, and sunset. Consider the Golden Hour (the hour after sunrise and the hour before sunset) for soft, warm light. Also, the Blue Hour (twilight) offers a different, cool mood.
* Consider the Season: Fall foliage, spring blossoms, winter snow – each season offers unique background opportunities.
* Vary Your Perspective: Get low, get high (if safe and possible), and look at the location from different angles. You might discover a hidden gem.
* Use Online Resources:
* Instagram: Search location hashtags (e.g., #parkname).
* Pinterest: Search for "outdoor portrait locations [your city]"
* Google Maps: Explore satellite view and street view.
* Flickr: Search groups for local photographers and portrait locations.
* Permissions and Permits: If you're shooting on private property or in a public park that requires permits, be sure to obtain them.
III. Elements of a Great Background:
* Color:
* Neutral Colors: Greens, grays, browns, and blues are often good choices because they don't draw too much attention.
* Complementary Colors: Opposite colors on the color wheel (e.g., red and green, blue and orange) can create a visually striking image. Use sparingly.
* Analogous Colors: Colors that are next to each other on the color wheel (e.g., blue, blue-green, green) can create a harmonious and calming image.
* Texture: Brick walls, wooden fences, textured foliage, and weathered surfaces can add visual interest.
* Light:
* Soft, Diffused Light: Overcast days or shooting in the shade provide soft, even lighting that is flattering for portraits.
* Backlighting: Placing the subject with the sun behind them can create a beautiful glow and rim light. Be careful to expose properly and avoid lens flare (use a lens hood).
* Golden Hour Light: The warm, golden light of sunrise and sunset is ideal for portraits.
* Depth of Field (Blur): Use a wide aperture (low f-number like f/1.8, f/2.8, f/4) to blur the background and create separation between the subject and the background (bokeh). A telephoto lens can also help compress the background and create a shallower depth of field.
* Lines and Shapes: Look for leading lines (roads, fences, paths) that draw the eye toward the subject. Symmetry, patterns, and geometric shapes can also create interesting compositions.
* Simplicity: Sometimes the best background is the simplest. A plain wall, a clear sky, or a field of grass can be very effective.
IV. Specific Background Ideas:
* Nature:
* Forests: Look for dappled light filtering through the trees.
* Fields of Flowers: Be mindful of composition and avoid overwhelming the subject.
* Beaches: The ocean, sand dunes, and sunsets offer beautiful backdrops.
* Mountains: Majestic scenery, but be aware of altitude and weather conditions.
* Parks: Trees, lawns, and gardens provide versatile options.
* Rivers and Lakes: Reflections can add an interesting element.
* Urban:
* Brick Walls: A classic and versatile choice.
* Graffiti Walls: Adds an edgy and colorful vibe.
* Staircases: Look for interesting angles and architectural details.
* Alleys: Can be gritty and atmospheric.
* Bridges: Offer strong lines and interesting perspectives.
* Coffee Shops/Cafes (with permission): For a relaxed and casual feel.
* Abstract:
* Reflections: In puddles, windows, or glass.
* Shadows: Use shadows to create interesting patterns.
* Bokeh: Create a blurry background with lights out of focus.
* Colors and Textures: Focus on the interplay of colors and textures, rather than a specific location.
V. Techniques to Enhance the Background:
* Aperture Control: Use a wide aperture (low f-number) to blur the background and isolate the subject.
* Focal Length: Telephoto lenses compress the background and create a shallow depth of field, while wide-angle lenses can make the background appear more expansive.
* Composition:
* Rule of Thirds: Place the subject off-center for a more dynamic composition.
* Leading Lines: Use lines to draw the eye toward the subject.
* Framing: Use elements in the foreground (e.g., branches, arches) to frame the subject.
* Negative Space: Leave empty space around the subject to create a sense of balance.
* Lighting:
* Use a Reflector: To bounce light onto the subject and fill in shadows.
* Use a Flash (Sparingly): To add a pop of light or freeze motion. Consider off-camera flash for more creative control.
* Positioning: Move your subject and yourself until you find the best light and background combination.
* Post-Processing: Use editing software (e.g., Adobe Lightroom, Photoshop) to adjust colors, contrast, and sharpness to enhance the background. But remember, good photography starts in-camera!
* Communicate With Your Subject: Tell them to relax and be natural. The best background won't matter if the subject looks uncomfortable.
VI. Key Takeaways:
* Scouting is Essential: Don't just show up and hope for the best.
* Light is Paramount: Pay attention to the quality and direction of light.
* Keep it Simple: A cluttered background can be distracting.
* Experiment: Don't be afraid to try new things and break the rules.
* Practice, Practice, Practice: The more you shoot, the better you'll become at finding and using great backgrounds.
By following these tips, you'll be well on your way to creating stunning outdoor portraits with backgrounds that truly enhance your subject. Good luck!