Understanding the Basics
* Infrared Light: Infrared light is just beyond the visible red end of the electromagnetic spectrum. Our eyes can't see it, but digital camera sensors can, albeit weakly. IR photography captures light that interacts with objects differently than visible light. This leads to:
* White Foliage: Healthy vegetation strongly reflects IR light, making leaves and grass appear bright white.
* Dark Skies: The sky, often darker than in visible light, can create dramatic contrasts.
* Dreamy or Ethereal Effects: The way IR light scatters can create a surreal or dreamy quality.
* The Need for Conversion: Digital camera sensors have a built-in "hot mirror" or IR cut filter in front of the sensor to block most IR light, ensuring accurate color reproduction for normal photography. To do proper IR photography, you need to remove this filter and replace it with one that blocks visible light and lets IR light through.
* Why Black and White? While you *can* shoot IR in color and apply color manipulation in post-processing, IR photography often lends itself best to black and white. The stark contrasts and surreal tones naturally create compelling monochrome images.
The Conversion Process: DIY vs. Professional
You have two main options:
* DIY Conversion: This is cheaper but significantly more complex and risky. You need a steady hand, good technical skills, and a high degree of patience.
* Professional Conversion: More expensive, but significantly safer and ensures proper calibration and functionality.
1. DIY Conversion (Proceed with Extreme Caution!)
a. Gather Your Tools:
* Small Phillips Head Screwdriver Set: Various sizes are essential.
* Plastic Spudger or Guitar Pick: For gently prying open the camera body.
* Static Wrist Strap: Crucial to prevent electrostatic discharge from damaging electronics.
* Anti-Static Work Mat: Protects components.
* Clean, Well-Lit Workspace: Essential to see what you're doing and avoid contamination.
* Compressed Air (Canned Air): For removing dust.
* Adhesive Tape: For securing small parts and marking locations.
* Lens Cleaning Cloth and Solution: For cleaning the sensor and new filter.
* New Infrared Filter: Choose the right wavelength (more on this below).
* Magnifying Glass or Loupe: For inspecting small components.
* Camera Disassembly Guide/Video: *Absolutely essential!* Search specifically for your camera model. iFixit.com is a good resource.
b. Understanding Infrared Filters:
* Wavelength (nm): This determines the range of IR light allowed through. Common options:
* 720nm: A good starting point. More subtle IR effect, allows some red light through for potential color manipulation.
* 830nm: More dramatic IR effect, stronger contrast, almost pure black and white.
* 590nm: Super Color IR. Good for color IR conversion.
* Filter Type: Glass or Resin. Glass is more durable.
* Filter Size: Must fit your camera's sensor assembly.
c. Disassembly:
* Follow your guide meticulously! Each camera model is different.
* Power Down: Remove the battery and memory card.
* Take Pictures: Document each step with your phone. This is vital for reassembly.
* Go Slowly: Don't force anything. If a screw is stuck, try a different screwdriver.
* Keep Track of Screws: Organize them in labeled containers.
* Remove the IR Cut Filter: This is the crucial step. It's usually located directly in front of the sensor. It may be glued in place and require gentle heat (e.g., a hairdryer on low) to loosen.
d. Install the Infrared Filter:
* Clean the Sensor and Filter: Use a sensor swab and appropriate cleaning solution.
* Carefully Position the IR Filter: Ensure it's aligned correctly and securely mounted.
* Reassemble the Camera: Reverse the disassembly process, referring to your photos.
e. Testing and Calibration:
* White Balance: After conversion, your camera's white balance will be way off. You'll need to set a custom white balance. Point the camera at a green lawn or white piece of paper under sunlight and use the camera's custom white balance setting.
* Hot Spots: Some lenses can create a bright spot in the center of the image when used with IR. This is a lens-specific issue. Test your lenses thoroughly to identify any that cause hot spots.
2. Professional Conversion
* Research Conversion Services: Find reputable companies specializing in camera conversions. Check reviews and ask for recommendations.
* Consider Your Camera Model: Some cameras are easier to convert than others, which will affect the price.
* Choose Your Filter Wavelength: Consider the style of IR photography you want to achieve.
* Get a Quote: Compare prices from different services.
* Send in Your Camera: Pack it securely and follow the company's instructions.
* Receive Your Converted Camera: The company should have calibrated the sensor and performed initial testing.
After Conversion: Shooting and Post-Processing
* Use a Tripod: IR photography often requires longer exposures.
* Shoot in RAW: Provides the most flexibility for post-processing.
* Experiment with White Balance: Even after setting a custom white balance, you may need to adjust it in post-processing. Try different settings to see what you prefer.
* Post-Processing:
* Convert to Black and White: Use your preferred method (channel mixer, B&W conversion tools).
* Adjust Contrast and Tones: IR images often benefit from increased contrast and fine-tuning of highlights and shadows.
* Sharpening: Apply sharpening carefully, as IR images can be softer.
* Dust Spot Removal: Check for dust spots on the sensor.
* Dodging and Burning: Enhance specific areas of the image.
Key Considerations and Tips:
* Lens Selection: Some lenses work better than others for IR photography. Test your lenses thoroughly.
* Sunlight: Bright sunlight is ideal for IR photography. Overcast days can result in flat images.
* Subject Matter: Landscapes with abundant foliage are classic IR subjects. Also, consider architecture, water, and skies.
* Safety First (DIY): Static electricity can ruin your camera. Use a static wrist strap and work in an anti-static environment.
* Practice: IR photography takes practice. Don't be discouraged if your first images aren't perfect.
* Warranty: Converting your camera, whether DIY or professionally, will likely void the manufacturer's warranty.
Conclusion:
Converting your camera to infrared is a significant undertaking but can be incredibly rewarding. The unique perspectives and ethereal beauty captured through IR light are well worth the effort. If you're comfortable with intricate electronics work and willing to accept the risks, a DIY conversion can save you money. However, for most photographers, a professional conversion is the safer and more reliable option. Good luck!