1. Understand What Makes a Good Background:
* Complements the Subject: The background shouldn't distract from the subject but rather enhance them. Consider colors, textures, and overall mood.
* Doesn't Compete for Attention: Avoid backgrounds that are too busy, cluttered, or have strong focal points that draw the eye away from the subject.
* Creates Depth and Dimension: Look for ways to create a sense of depth, whether through natural lines, layered elements, or shallow depth of field (using a wide aperture).
* Provides Context (Optional): Sometimes the background tells a story or adds context to the portrait. If this is your goal, look for locations that have meaning or relevance.
* Clean and Uncluttered: Generally, a simpler background is better. Look for areas free of distracting elements like trash cans, power lines, or excessive signage.
* Color Harmony: The colors in the background should complement the subject's clothing and skin tone. Think about color palettes and how they interact.
2. Scouting and Location Reconnaissance:
* Advance Planning: Don't just show up at a random spot and expect to find the perfect background. Scout potential locations in advance.
* Time of Day: The position of the sun will drastically alter the appearance of any location. Scout at the time of day you plan to shoot to see how the light falls. Consider the "golden hour" (shortly after sunrise and before sunset) for warm, soft light.
* Google Maps/Street View: Use these tools to get a preliminary overview of potential locations. You can see the layout, surrounding areas, and identify possible backgrounds.
* Instagram/Photography Sites: Search location tags on Instagram or other photography platforms (Flickr, 500px) to see how other photographers have used a particular place. This can give you ideas and inspiration.
* Local Parks and Gardens: These are often great options, offering a variety of natural backgrounds.
* Urban Environments: Don't overlook urban settings. Brick walls, interesting architecture, colorful murals, and alleyways can create unique and stylish backdrops.
* Natural Landscapes: Fields, forests, beaches, and mountains can provide stunning backgrounds.
* Consider Permits: Some locations, especially parks or private property, may require permits for photography. Research this beforehand to avoid any issues.
3. Techniques for Finding Great Backgrounds on the Spot:
* Look Up, Look Down, Look Around: Change your perspective. Sometimes the best background is above you (trees filtering sunlight) or below you (a field of wildflowers).
* Use Natural Frames: Look for opportunities to frame your subject with elements in the foreground, such as tree branches, archways, or doorways.
* Isolate Your Subject: Use a wide aperture (low f-number like f/2.8 or f/1.8) to create a shallow depth of field. This will blur the background and make your subject stand out.
* Move Around: Even small changes in your position can dramatically alter the background. Experiment with different angles and viewpoints.
* Watch for Light and Shadow: Use light and shadow to your advantage. Backlighting can create a beautiful halo effect around your subject, while side lighting can add dimension and drama.
* Use a Reflector: A reflector can bounce light onto your subject, making them brighter and more flattering. It can also help fill in harsh shadows.
* Utilize Leading Lines: Look for lines (roads, paths, fences) that draw the viewer's eye towards the subject.
* Change Your Focal Length: A telephoto lens can compress the background, making it appear closer and larger. A wide-angle lens can exaggerate the distance between the subject and the background.
4. Specific Background Ideas:
* Trees and Foliage: Green foliage is generally a safe and pleasing choice. Look for interesting textures and patterns in the leaves.
* Stone Walls: Brick or stone walls can provide a textured and rustic backdrop.
* Water: Lakes, rivers, and oceans can create beautiful reflections and add a sense of calm.
* Fields of Flowers: Wildflower fields can add a splash of color and romance.
* Open Sky: A clear blue sky or a dramatic sunset can be a simple but effective background.
* Buildings and Architecture: Interesting architecture can add a sense of grandeur or urban sophistication.
* Fences and Gates: Old wooden fences or wrought-iron gates can add character and visual interest.
* Murals and Street Art: Colorful murals and street art can provide a vibrant and edgy backdrop.
* Simple Textures: A plain concrete wall, a wooden door, or even a textured fabric can work well as a minimalist background.
5. Considerations for Posing:
* Subject Placement: Where you position your subject in relation to the background is crucial. Experiment with different placements to see what works best.
* Body Language: Encourage your subject to relax and adopt a natural pose that complements the background.
* Eye Contact: Consider where the subject's gaze will lead the viewer.
6. Post-Processing:
* Color Correction: Adjust the colors in post-processing to ensure they are harmonious and pleasing.
* Selective Sharpening: Sharpen the subject's face while leaving the background slightly softer.
* Vignetting: A subtle vignette can draw the viewer's eye towards the center of the frame and your subject.
Key Takeaways:
* Preparation is key: Scout locations in advance and think about the time of day.
* Keep it simple: Avoid cluttered and distracting backgrounds.
* Consider the light: Pay attention to the direction and quality of light.
* Experiment: Don't be afraid to try different angles, positions, and focal lengths.
* Practice: The more you practice, the better you'll become at finding great backgrounds.
By following these tips and tricks, you'll be well on your way to finding amazing backgrounds for your outdoor portraits and creating images that are both beautiful and memorable. Good luck and happy shooting!