50mm Lens (Often called a "Nifty Fifty")
Pros:
* Versatility: 50mm is a more versatile focal length overall. It can be used for environmental portraits, full-body shots, and even some wider shots beyond just portraits.
* Field of View: Offers a wider field of view. This is good for including more of the background and surrounding environment in your portrait. It can tell more of a story.
* Affordability: Typically, 50mm lenses (especially the f/1.8 versions) are significantly cheaper than comparable 85mm lenses. This makes them a great entry point for portrait photography.
* Lightweight and Compact: Easier to carry around and less intimidating for subjects.
* Less Distortion: Generally exhibits less distortion than wider-angle lenses, leading to more natural-looking facial features (although distortion is less of a concern than with wider lenses).
* Good in Tight Spaces: The wider field of view can be beneficial when you don't have a lot of space to move around.
Cons:
* Less Background Compression: Doesn't compress the background as much as an 85mm lens. This means the background might appear closer and less blurred.
* Can Be Too Wide for Tight Headshots: Requires you to get closer to the subject for tighter headshots, which can sometimes be uncomfortable for both the photographer and the subject, potentially affecting their natural expression.
* Less Subject Isolation: With a shallower depth of field, the 85mm can better isolate the subject.
* May Require More Careful Composition: Because you are including more of the environment, you have to be more diligent in ensuring the background is clean and adds to, rather than detracts from, the image.
85mm Lens (Often called a "Portrait Lens")
Pros:
* Excellent Subject Isolation: Creates a beautiful, shallow depth of field, blurring the background and drawing attention solely to the subject. This is a key characteristic of many classic portraits.
* Flattering Perspective: Provides a more flattering perspective for facial features. Compresses features slightly, which many find aesthetically pleasing. Reduces potential for distortion that can sometimes occur with wider lenses.
* Background Compression: Compresses the background, making distant elements appear closer and often more pleasingly blurred (bokeh). This helps create a sense of depth and intimacy.
* Ideal Distance: Allows you to stand at a comfortable distance from the subject, which can help them relax and feel more natural.
* Very Sharp: 85mm lenses are often incredibly sharp, resolving fine details in the subject's face and hair.
Cons:
* Less Versatile: Primarily suited for portraits and tighter shots. Less useful for wider environmental portraits or general photography.
* More Expensive: Generally more expensive than 50mm lenses, especially the high-quality versions with fast apertures.
* Heavier and Larger: Can be bulkier and heavier, making it less convenient to carry around.
* Requires More Space: Needs more space to operate, which can be limiting in smaller studios or indoor locations.
* Stronger Bokeh: While desirable for many, the very blurred background might not be suitable for every portrait style.
Here's a quick guide to help you decide:
* Choose 50mm if:
* You want a versatile lens that can be used for more than just portraits.
* You want to include more of the environment in your portraits (environmental portraits).
* You're on a budget.
* You often shoot in tight spaces.
* You want a lighter, more portable lens.
* Choose 85mm if:
* You primarily shoot portraits and want the best possible subject isolation and background blur (bokeh).
* You want a more flattering perspective for facial features.
* You have enough space to move around.
* You're willing to invest more money in a specialized lens.
* You want to stand at a comfortable distance from your subject.
Ultimately, the best way to determine which focal length is right for you is to try them both out! Rent a lens or borrow one from a friend and experiment with different focal lengths and shooting styles.
Beyond the Focal Length: Consider the Aperture (f-stop)
Regardless of whether you choose 50mm or 85mm, the aperture of the lens is crucial for portrait photography. A wide aperture (e.g., f/1.8, f/1.4, f/1.2) will allow you to:
* Create a shallow depth of field.
* Let in more light, which is beneficial in low-light situations.
* Achieve a beautiful bokeh effect.
In conclusion:
Both 50mm and 85mm lenses are excellent choices for portrait photography. The 50mm is more versatile and affordable, while the 85mm excels at subject isolation and creating a flattering perspective. Consider your shooting style, budget, and the type of portraits you want to create when making your decision. And don't forget to consider the aperture! Good luck!