The Tip: Focus on Shadows (and Highlights!)
Instead of getting overwhelmed by all the light in a scene, concentrate on where the shadows fall and where the highlights are. Understanding the relationship between the highlights and shadows is where you see the light.
Here's a breakdown of how to apply this:
1. Identify the Light Source:
* Where is the light coming from? (Sun, window, lamp, etc.)
* Is it a single light source or multiple? (This impacts the shadows.)
* Is it hard or soft light? (Hard light creates defined, harsh shadows; soft light creates diffused, gradual shadows.)
2. Look at the Face and Observe the Shadows:
* Where are the darkest shadows? (Typically on the opposite side of the light source.)
* Where are the soft shadows? (These areas are partially illuminated.)
* Are there any distracting shadows? (Under the chin, nose, etc.)
3. Notice the Highlights:
* Where is the light brightest on the face? (Usually on the side facing the light source.)
* Are there any catchlights in the eyes? (These are small reflections of the light source in the eyes, and they add life to the portrait.)
4. Evaluate and Adjust (if possible):
* Are the shadows flattering? Do they sculpt the face in a pleasing way?
* Is there enough light on the face to see the details?
* Can you move your subject slightly to improve the shadows or highlights? (Even a few inches can make a difference.)
* Can you adjust the light source? (Move a lamp, use a reflector to bounce light into shadows, use a diffuser to soften the light)
Examples:
* Window Light: If your subject is facing a window, the shadows will likely be on the opposite side of their face. The highlight will be the side facing the window. Is the light too direct and harsh? Try moving them slightly further from the window, or using a thin curtain to diffuse the light.
* Outdoor Light (Sun Overhead): This often creates strong shadows under the eyes, nose, and chin, which is generally unflattering. Try finding shade, or using a reflector to bounce light back up into those shadows.
* Side Lighting: Light coming from the side can create dramatic shadows and highlights, emphasizing texture.
Practice Exercises:
* Use a Simple Object: Take an apple or orange and place it near a window. Observe the shadows and highlights as you move the object around. This helps you understand how light wraps around a three-dimensional object.
* Photograph a Friend: Ask a friend to sit near a window, and take several shots, adjusting their position slightly each time. Pay attention to how the shadows change and how it affects the overall look of the portrait.
* Study Portraits You Admire: Look at portraits by professional photographers and analyze the lighting. Where are the shadows? Where are the highlights? How does the lighting contribute to the mood and style of the image?
Key Takeaways:
* Start Simple: Don't try to master everything at once. Focus on understanding the relationship between light, shadows, and highlights.
* Practice Regularly: The more you practice, the better you'll become at seeing the light.
* Experiment: Don't be afraid to try different lighting setups and see what works best.
* Learn from Your Mistakes: Not every shot will be perfect, but you can learn from each one.
By consistently practicing and focusing on shadows and highlights, you'll quickly improve your ability to see the light and create more compelling portraits. Good luck!