The Tip: Observe the Catchlight
The absolute easiest way to understand how light is affecting your subject's face is to focus on the catchlight in their eyes.
What is a Catchlight?
* It's the reflection of the light source in the subject's eyes. It looks like a tiny, bright spot (or shape) within the iris.
Why is it Important?
* Shows the Light's Location: Where the catchlight appears in the eye tells you where the main light source is located relative to your subject. Higher catchlights mean the light is coming from above. Catchlights on the side mean the light is coming from the side.
* Indicates the Light's Quality:
* Large, soft catchlights: Suggest a soft light source (like a large window, overcast sky, or a softbox). Soft light is generally flattering and minimizes harsh shadows.
* Small, hard catchlights: Suggest a hard light source (like direct sunlight or a bare flash). Hard light creates strong shadows and can be less forgiving.
* Adds Life and Sparkle: Catchlights make the eyes look alive and engaged. Without them, eyes can look dull and lifeless.
How to Use This Tip:
1. Before you take a photo, look at your subject's eyes. Forget everything else for a moment.
2. Find the catchlights. Where are they? How big are they?
3. Adjust your subject's position (or your own position) to change the catchlights. For example:
* If the catchlights are too low and making the eyes look dark: Have your subject tilt their head slightly up or move them to a location where the light source is higher.
* If the catchlights are too high and washing out the upper part of the face: Have your subject tilt their head down slightly or move them to a location where the light source is lower.
* If there are no catchlights: You need to move your subject to a place where they are receiving some light in their eyes. Even a small amount of reflected light can create a catchlight.
4. Pay attention to the shape of the catchlight. Is it a nice, diffused shape? Or a pinpoint? This tells you about the quality of the light. You can even control the shape by using a reflector!
5. Take the Shot! Keep an eye on the catchlight as you shoot.
Example Scenarios:
* Outdoor Portrait in Shade: The catchlights might be large and soft, reflecting the open sky.
* Outdoor Portrait in Direct Sunlight: The catchlights might be small and hard, indicating harsh light. You'd likely want to use a reflector to bounce light back into the face and fill in the shadows, creating a softer, larger catchlight.
* Indoor Portrait Near a Window: The catchlight will likely be a shape reflecting the window. Experiment with the subject's distance from the window and their angle to it.
Key Takeaway:
The catchlight is your instant visual guide to understanding the light on your subject's face. Mastering this simple observation will significantly improve your portrait lighting. Good luck!